ACL/PCL-Injuries Surgery in
Siliguri

Condition

What is ACL/PCL injury?

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the tissue that joins the thighbone to the shinbone. The knee joint is stabilised by the ACL. An ACL injury occurs due to a sprain or damage in the ACL. People who have an ACL injury describe it as a sense of popping. The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) connects the lower and upper limbs. The PCL stabilises the bones and allows the knees to move smoothly. A sprain or tear to the PCL results in an injury.

ACL Injury: Causes

ACL injuries happen when playing sports or working out. These consist of tasks that call for abrupt stops or direction changes. ACL injuries are frequent among athletes who play basketball, football, soccer, etc. The main ACL injury causes include: 1. Abruptly stopping 2. Sudden change in the direction 3. Sudden stopping or slowing down 4. Turning while keeping the foot steady 5. Awkwardly landing after a jump 6. Getting struck in the knee directly or colliding with something

Who is at Risk?

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries are relatively common, and several factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing this type of knee injury. Women have a higher risk, being 2-8 times more susceptible to ACL injuries than men. This difference in risk might be due to various factors such as differences in muscle strength, the way muscles activate during movements, and hormonal influences. Participation in certain sports can also heighten the risk of ACL injuries. Sports involving quick changes in direction, sudden stops, and jumping movements like soccer, basketball, and volleyball put individuals at an increased risk due to the demanding movements involved in these activities.

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Symptoms of ACL injury

Let us understand the signs and symptoms of ACL injury. These include the following: 1. A sudden sound or sensation of "popping" in the knee 2. Excruciating pain 3. Sudden swelling 4. Limited mobility 5. Feeling of instability or giving way when bearing weight ACL injuries can result in severe pain in most patients. However, some patients only feel slight discomfort. Consult your physician if you believe you may have injured your knee. Do not ignore your condition, particularly if you feel or hear a popping sound.

Types of ACL injuries

Your physician may frequently assign a grade for your ACL injuries. The degree of the injury determines the grading. Grades for ACL injuries range from I to III. A very minor injury is classified as Grade I. A more serious injury is called a Grade III injury. Let us understand what the three grades mean. 1. Grade I: Your ACL is still intact and supporting your knee bones even though the injury stretched it to a point of destruction. 2. Grade II: The injury caused your ACL to become partially torn and loosened due to excessive stretching. 3. Grade III: The ACL is broken into two pieces. Talk to your physician if you have any doubts regarding the type of ACL injury you are suffering from. This will help you better manage your condition.

When to See the Doctor?

You must see your doctor if you experience any of the above-mentioned ACL injury symptoms. Your condition may need your doctor’s attention, especially if you experience pain. Early diagnosis is critical to initiate early treatment. Do not delay an appointment with your doctor if you suspect an injury.

Diagnosis and Tests for ACL injury

Healthcare professionals usually start the diagnosis of an ACL injury with a comprehensive physical examination of the knee, noting stability, range of motion, and any signs of swelling or tenderness. They could ask about the specifics of the injury and any accompanying symptoms. Imaging tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are frequently used to evaluate possible concomitant injuries to surrounding structures and to visualise the extent of ligament damage. It is possible to perform X-rays to rule out fractures. A thorough diagnosis is probable when imaging is paired with clinical evaluation. Finding the best course of action, whether it entails non-surgical methods like physical therapy or surgical procedures like ACL reconstruction surgery, requires speaking with a healthcare professional for a timely and precise diagnosis.

Treatment for ACL Injury

Different treatment options are available depending on the severity of your ACL tear. Additional damage inside your knee is also taken into account while making ACL tear treatment choices. You must not engage yourself in any activity that could further strain your knee. This includes sports or fitness activities. As soon as you experience pain or other symptoms, apply the RICE method: 1. Rest: Take a break and refrain from the activity that hurt you. Avoid overusing your knee while it is healing. 2. Ice: Use a thin towel-wrapped ice pack or cold compress on your knee for 15 minutes at a time, several times a day. 3. Compression: To help with swelling reduction, you can wrap an elastic bandage around your knee. 4. Elevation: Raise your leg and knee as high as possible above your heart. You may be recommended a course of action depending on your condition. This will help to reduce the pain and manage the symptoms. Your doctor may even ask you to use crutches. The knee is stabilised and secured with the help of these braces. Your doctor may also suggest over-the-counter pain relievers. These might include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or paracetamol. Your doctor might advise you to perform particular exercises to help manage your symptoms. Physical therapy is a fundamental component of any injury treatment programme. ACL tears do not recover on their own. You can, however, manage your condition if your injury is not too serious. Some people may require surgery to repair the ACL if the individual is an athlete or wishes to resume exercising. An ACL operation is the most common method of treating an ACL tear. The procedure for ACL repair is performed in outpatient care. The ACL surgery facilitates the healing process of the knees. You are allowed to return home the day following the procedure. Your surgeon will perform a minimally invasive procedure called a knee arthroscopy to repair your torn knee ligament.

Prevention of ACL injury

Athletes cannot avoid the situation of an ACL injury. ACL tears are typically caused by unexpected accidents and injuries related to sports. While you indulge in physical activities or sports: 1. Ensure that you are wearing the right gear 2. Do not play over your pain if you have hurt your knees during or after physical activity 3. Allow your body some time to rest and recover after a strenuous activity 4. Relax, stretch, and warm up prior to engaging in exercise or sports 5. Stretch and cool down after working out 6. Take the help of programs to strengthen your knees and lower body during the off-season. This will help your knees withstand the strain during your sports season. You must follow the following safety tips to lower your chances of having an ACL injury: 1. Refrain from putting your foot down and turning over your knee. This is the most common cause of meniscus and ACL injuries among athletes in this way. 2. Ensure that nothing could trip you or others in your home or workspace. 3. Always use the appropriate tools or equipment when reaching for objects at home. 4. Never stand on countertops or tables or chairs. 5. Take the support of a walker or a cane if you have trouble walking or are more likely to fall.

Post-surgery Procedure

Take all the necessary care after your ACL tear surgery. The ACL injury recovery time after the injury is around 6 to 9 months. Some athletes may take longer to get back to normal and resume their sport. Follow your doctor's instructions. Perform exercises as suggested by your doctor. These exercises will bring your mobility back to normal. It will also prevent the formation of blood clots. In most cases, patients are expected to lift their legs without any assistance. Physical therapy usually starts seven to 14 days after the surgery. During the ACL surgery recovery time, take your pain medicines as recommended by your doctor. Monitor your body temperature. Inform your doctor if you have a persistent fever that does not subside. Do not hesitate to inform your doctor if you face any problems after the surgery.