ACL/PCL-Injuries Surgery in
Rohtak

Condition

What is ACL/PCL injury?

The tissue that connects the thigh to the shin is called the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The ACL keeps the knee joint stable. An ACL tear or sprain causes an ACL injury. An ACL injury makes people feel like something is popping. The upper and lower limbs are connected by the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). The PCL holds the bones in place, facilitating the smooth movement of the knees. A PCL injury occurs when the PCL is torn or sprained.

ACL Injury: Causes

ACL injury is common among individuals who play sports or are involved in fitness activities. These include activities that call for abrupt stops or direction changes. ACL injuries are common if you are involved in soccer, football, basketball, etc. The main ACL injury causes include: 1. Sudden change in the direction 2. Sudden stopping or slowing down 3. Turning while keeping the foot steady 4. Awkwardly landing after a jump 5. Abruptly stopping 6. Getting struck in the knee directly or colliding with something

Who is at Risk?

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries are relatively common, and several factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing this type of knee injury. Women have a higher risk, being 2-8 times more susceptible to ACL injuries than men. This difference in risk might be due to various factors such as differences in muscle strength, the way muscles activate during movements, and hormonal influences. Participation in certain sports can also heighten the risk of ACL injuries. Sports involving quick changes in direction, sudden stops, and jumping movements like soccer, basketball, and volleyball put individuals at an increased risk due to the demanding movements involved in these activities.

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Symptoms of ACL injury

Let us understand the signs and symptoms of ACL injury. These include the following: 1. A sudden sound or sensation of "popping" in the knee 2. Excruciating pain 3. Sudden swelling 4. Limited mobility 5. Feeling of instability or giving way when bearing weight ACL injuries can result in severe pain in most patients. However, some patients only feel slight discomfort. Consult your physician if you believe you may have injured your knee. Do not ignore your condition, particularly if you feel or hear a popping sound.

Types of ACL injuries

It is common for your doctor to grade your ACL injuries. The grading is based on the severity of the injury. ACL injuries are graded from I to III. Grade I injuries are those that are extremely minor. A Grade III injury is considered to be more serious. Let us understand what the three grades mean. 1. Grade I: Your ACL is still intact and supporting your knee bones even though the injury stretched it to a point of destruction. 2. Grade II: The injury caused your ACL to become partially torn and loosened due to excessive stretching. 3. Grade III: The ACL is broken into two pieces. Co nsult your doctor if you are unsure about the specific type of ACL injury you have. This will help you and your doctor to manage your condition better.

When to See the Doctor?

Talk to your doctor if you think you may have an ACL injury. Keep an eye out for the ACL injury symptoms mentioned above. Get your doctor's attention on it right away if you have any of the above-mentioned symptoms. Early diagnosis means early management and treatment of your illness. Do not hesitate to schedule an appointment with your doctor if you think you have an ACL injury.

Diagnosis and Tests for ACL injury

ACL injury is first diagnosed using a thorough physical examination. A few tests may also be recommended by your physician. Your doctor may start by asking you questions regarding your symptoms. What you were doing prior to the onset of any injury-related symptoms must be disclosed to your doctor. Your doctor may also want to know about the early symptoms you had following the injury. Your doctor may try adjusting the position of your leg and knee to assess your condition. You should let your doctor know if there are particular positions that hurt more than others. Your doctor may also recommend a few tests. These may include an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI.

Treatment for ACL Injury

Different treatment options are available depending on the severity of your ACL tear. Additional damage inside your knee is also taken into account while making ACL tear treatment choices. You must not engage yourself in any activity that could further strain your knee. This includes sports or fitness activities. As soon as you experience pain or other symptoms, apply the RICE method: 1. Rest: Take a break and refrain from the activity that hurt you. Avoid overusing your knee while it is healing. 2. Ice: Use a thin towel-wrapped ice pack or cold compress on your knee for 15 minutes at a time, several times a day. 3. Compression: To help with swelling reduction, you can wrap an elastic bandage around your knee. 4. Elevation: Raise your leg and knee as high as possible above your heart. You may be recommended a course of action depending on your condition. This will help to reduce the pain and manage the symptoms. Your doctor may even ask you to use crutches. The knee is stabilised and secured with the help of these braces. Your doctor may also suggest over-the-counter pain relievers. These might include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or paracetamol. Your doctor might advise you to perform particular exercises to help manage your symptoms. Physical therapy is a fundamental component of any injury treatment programme. ACL tears do not recover on their own. You can, however, manage your condition if your injury is not too serious. Some people may require surgery to repair the ACL if the individual is an athlete or wishes to resume exercising. An ACL operation is the most common method of treating an ACL tear. The procedure for ACL repair is performed in outpatient care. The ACL surgery facilitates the healing process of the knees. You are allowed to return home the day following the procedure. Your surgeon will perform a minimally invasive procedure called a knee arthroscopy to repair your torn knee ligament.

Prevention of ACL injury

Strengthening leg muscles through targeted exercises, focusing on the quadriceps, hamstrings, and core, can help prevent ACL injuries. Include agility and balance training in your exercise regimen. When participating in sports, use proper technique, particularly when jumping, cutting, or pivoting. Pay attention to the playing surfaces and wear appropriate shoes for the activity. To address biomechanical differences, implement neuromuscular training programs, especially for female athletes. Give warm-up exercises top priority before playing sports, with a focus on dynamic stretching. Additionally, think about speaking with a sports medicine specialist for individualised injury prevention strategies catered to your unique needs and activities. Even though many procedures are available in the public and private hospitals, it's better to prevent the wear and tear of ACL by incorporating healthy habits.

Post-surgery Procedure

1. Immediate Postoperative Care: Following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery, patients usually receive instructions on wound care and pain management. 2. Start of Physical Therapy: To regain range of motion, strengthen muscles, and restore function, physical therapy begins soon after the ACL operation. The emphasis may be on mild exercises at first, then progress gradually. 3. Bracing and Support: A knee brace may be used initially to provide support based on the surgeon's recommendation. Its duration of use varies. 4. Weight-Bearing Progression: Under the supervision of a physical therapist, a gradual introduction of weight-bearing activities takes place, progressing from non-weight-bearing to partial and full weight-bearing. 5. Activity Graduation: Returning to regular activities and sports is a gradual process. The physical therapist and surgeon frequently supervise the patient's recovery goals and progress. 6. Follow-up Appointments: To track development, address concerns, and modify the rehabilitation plan as necessary, follow-up appointments with the surgeon and physical therapist are crucial.