ACL/PCL-Injuries Surgery in
Mettupalayam

Condition

What is ACL/PCL injury?

The ligament known as the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) joins your shinbone to your thigh bone. The ACL keeps the knee joint stable. ACL injury happens when the ACL is torn or sprained. ACL damage causes people to feel as though something is popping. The lower and upper legs are joined by the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). ACL holds the bones in place and facilitates smooth movement of the knee. PCL injury occurs when the PCL is torn or sprained.

ACL Injury: Causes

ACL injury is common among individuals who play sports or are involved in fitness activities. These include activities that call for abrupt stops or direction changes. ACL injuries are common if you are involved in soccer, football, basketball, etc. The main ACL injury causes include: 1. Sudden change in the direction 2. Sudden stopping or slowing down 3. Turning while keeping the foot steady 4. Awkwardly landing after a jump 5. Abruptly stopping 6. Getting struck in the knee directly or colliding with something

Who is at Risk?

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries are relatively common, and several factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing this type of knee injury. Women have a higher risk, being 2-8 times more susceptible to ACL injuries than men. This difference in risk might be due to various factors such as differences in muscle strength, the way muscles activate during movements, and hormonal influences. Participation in certain sports can also heighten the risk of ACL injuries. Sports involving quick changes in direction, sudden stops, and jumping movements like soccer, basketball, and volleyball put individuals at an increased risk due to the demanding movements involved in these activities.

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Symptoms of ACL injury

1. Immediate Pain and Swelling: ACL injuries frequently result in acute, palpable pain and knee swelling. 2. Popping Sensation: Many people say that they heard or felt a popping sound right after getting hurt. 3. Joint Instability: When performing weight-bearing activities, the knee may feel unstable and give way. 4. Bruising: Over time, bruises may appear around the knee, signifying internal bleeding. 5. Reduced Range of Motion: People may find it difficult to bend or straighten their knee, which results in a restricted range of motion. 6. Tenderness: Commonly, there is tenderness along the joint line, and specific movements may cause pain. 7. Walking Difficulty: Walking or bearing weight on the affected leg may be challenging due to pain and instability in that leg. 8. Increased Joint Laxity: People with an affected knee joint may experience increased laxity or looseness.

Types of ACL injuries

Your doctor may often grade the ACL injuries. The grading depends on the severity of the injury. The ACL injury is graded from I to III. Grade I describes a very less severe injury. Grade III indicates a more severe injury. Let us understand what the three grades mean. 1. Grade 1: Your ACL is still intact and supporting your knee bones even though the injury stretched it to a point of destruction. 2. Grade 2: The injury caused your ACL to become partially torn and loosened due to excessive stretching. 3. Grade III: The ACL is broken into two pieces. If you have any queries regarding the type of ACL injury, talk to your doctor to better understand your condition.

When to See the Doctor?

You must see your doctor if you experience any of the above-mentioned ACL injury symptoms. Your condition may need your doctor’s attention, especially if you experience pain. Early diagnosis is critical to initiate early treatment. Do not delay an appointment with your doctor if you suspect an injury.

Diagnosis and Tests for ACL injury

ACL injury is first diagnosed using a thorough physical examination. A few tests may also be recommended by your physician. Your doctor may start by asking you questions regarding your symptoms. What you were doing prior to the onset of any injury-related symptoms must be disclosed to your doctor. Your doctor may also want to know about the early symptoms you had following the injury. Your doctor may try adjusting the position of your leg and knee to assess your condition. You should let your doctor know if there are particular positions that hurt more than others. Your doctor may also recommend a few tests. These may include an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI.

Treatment for ACL Injury

Different treatment options are available depending on the severity of your ACL tear. Additional damage inside your knee is also taken into account while making ACL tear treatments choices. You must not engage yourself in any activity that could further strain your knee. This includes sports or fitness activities. As soon as you experience pain or other symptoms, apply the RICE method: Rest: Take a break and refrain from the activity that hurt you. Avoid overusing your knee while it is healing. Ice: Use a thin towel-wrapped ice pack or cold compress on your knee for 15 minutes at a time, several times a day. Compression: To help with swelling reduction, you can wrap an elastic bandage around your knee. Elevation: Raise your leg and knee as high as possible above your heart. Your doctor may suggest a course of treatment based on your condition. This will lessen discomfort and assist in managing the symptoms. It may be suggested that you use crutches. The knee is stabilised and secured with the aid of these braces. Your doctor might also recommend over-the-counter painkillers. These could consist of paracetamol or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. Your doctor may suggest specific exercises to help you feel better. The foundation of any injury treatment programme is physical therapy. An ACL tear does not self-heal. You can manage your condition if your injury is not too serious. Some people may need surgery to repair the ACL, especially if the individual is an athlete or wishes to resume exercising. ACL surgery is the most commonly used method of treating an ACL tear. The ACL operation is performed in an outpatient facility. Your surgeon will perform a minimally invasive procedure called a knee arthroscopy to repair your torn knee ligament. This type of surgery enables the healing process of the knees. You are allowed to return home the day following the procedure.

Prevention of ACL injury

Athletes cannot avoid the situation of an ACL injury. ACL tears are typically caused by unexpected accidents and injuries related to sports. While you indulge in physical activities or sports: 1. Ensure that you are wearing the right gear 2. Do not play over your pain if you have hurt your knees during or after physical activity 3. Allow your body some time to rest and recover after a strenuous activity 4. Relax, stretch and warm up prior to engaging in exercise or sports 5. Stretch and cool down after working out 6. Take the help of programmes to strengthen your knees and lower body during the off-season. This will help your knees withstand the strain during your sports season. You must comply with the following safety advice in order to reduce your risk of suffering an ACL injury. 1. Avoid planting the foot and pivoting over the knee. This is the most frequent reason why athletes sustain meniscus and ACL injuries. 2. Check your home or workspace to make sure nothing could trip you. 3. Make sure you always use the proper tools or equipment when reaching for items around the house. 4. Avoid standing on tables, chairs, or countertops. 5. Use a walker or cane if you have difficulty walking or are at risk of falling.

Post-surgery Procedure

Take all the necessary care after your ACL tear surgery. The ACL injury recovery time after the injury is around 6 to 9 months. Some athletes may take longer to get back to normal and resume their sport. Follow your doctor's instructions. Perform exercises as suggested by your doctor. These exercises will bring your mobility back to normal. It will also prevent the formation of blood clots. In most cases, patients are expected to lift their legs without any assistance. Physical therapy usually starts seven to 14 days after the surgery. During the ACL surgery recovery time, take your pain medicines as recommended by your doctor. Monitor your body temperature. Inform your doctor if you have a persistent fever that does not subside. Do not hesitate to inform your doctor if you face any problems after the surgery.