ACL/PCL-Injuries Surgery in
Madurai

Condition

What is ACL/PCL injury?

The tissue that connects the thigh to the shin is called the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The ACL keeps the knee joint stable. An ACL tear or sprain causes an ACL injury. An ACL injury makes people feel like something is popping. The upper and lower limbs are connected by the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). The PCL holds the bones in place, facilitating the smooth movement of the knees. A PCL injury occurs when the PCL is torn or sprained.

ACL Injury: Causes

ACL injury is common among individuals who play sports or are involved in fitness activities. These include activities that call for abrupt stops or direction changes. ACL injuries are common if you are involved in soccer, football, basketball, etc. The main ACL injury causes include: 1. Sudden change in the direction 2. Sudden stopping or slowing down 3. Turning while keeping the foot steady 4. Awkwardly landing after a jump 5. Abruptly stopping 6. Getting struck in the knee directly or colliding with something

Who is at Risk?

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries are relatively common, and several factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing this type of knee injury. Women have a higher risk, being 2-8 times more susceptible to ACL injuries than men. This difference in risk might be due to various factors such as differences in muscle strength, the way muscles activate during movements, and hormonal influences. Participation in certain sports can also heighten the risk of ACL injuries. Sports involving quick changes in direction, sudden stops, and jumping movements like soccer, basketball, and volleyball put individuals at an increased risk due to the demanding movements involved in these activities.

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Symptoms of ACL injury

Let us understand the signs and symptoms of ACL injury. These include the following: 1. A sudden sound or sensation of "popping" in the knee 2. Excruciating pain 3. Sudden swelling 4. Limited mobility 5. Feeling of instability or giving way when bearing weight ACL injuries can result in severe pain in most patients. However, some patients only feel slight discomfort. Consult your physician if you believe you may have injured your knee. Do not ignore your condition, particularly if you feel or hear a popping sound.

Types of ACL injuries

Your ACL injuries may often be graded by your doctor. The grading is dependent on the extent of the injury. ACL injuries are categorised into grades I through III. Grade I injuries are those that are extremely minor. A Grade III injury is considered to be more serious. Let us understand what the three grades mean. 1. Grade I: Your ACL is still intact and supporting your knee bones even though the injury stretched it to a point of destruction. 2. Grade II: The injury caused your ACL to become partially torn and loosened due to excessive stretching. 3 Grade III: The ACL is broken into two pieces. Talk to your physician if you have any doubts regarding the type of ACL injury you are suffering from. This will help you better manage your condition.

When to See the Doctor?

You must visit a doctor right away if you think you may have an ACL injury. If you have symptoms like sharp pain, swelling, joint instability, popping sound during injury, or trouble walking, get medical help. Early detection and action reduce the likelihood of side effects and increase the possibility of a successful outcome. For a customised treatment plan that considers general health, lifestyle, and treatment objectives, consulting with a healthcare professional is essential.

Diagnosis and Tests for ACL injury

A thorough physical examination is necessary for the diagnosis of ACL injury. Your doctor might also suggest a few tests. You may be first asked questions by your healthcare provider about your symptoms. Your doctor requires you to know what you were doing before any injury-related symptoms appeared. Your physician might also inquire about the initial symptoms that you experienced after the injury. Your doctor might try putting your leg and knee in different positions to evaluate your condition. You need to let your doctor know if there are specific positions that hurt the most. A few investigations might be indicated by your doctor. These could be an MRI, CT scan, or X-ray.

Treatment for ACL Injury

Based on the severity of your ACL tear and any additional damage inside your knee, different ACL tear treatments may be necessary. You must avoid engaging yourself in any activity that could further strain your knee. This includes sports or fitness activities. As soon as you experience pain or other symptoms, apply the RICE method: Rest: Take a break and refrain from the activity that hurt you. Avoid overusing your knee while it is healing. Ice: Use a thin towel-wrapped ice pack or cold compress on your knee for 15 minutes at a time, several times a day. Compression: To help with swelling reduction, you can wrap an elastic bandage around your knee. Elevation: Raise your leg and knee as high as possible above your heart. Based on your condition, your doctor may recommend treatment. This will help in reducing the pain and managing the symptoms. You may be asked to use crutches. These are braces that help to secure and stabilise your knee. You may also be asked to take OTC painkillers. These may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or paracetamol. Your physician will also ask you to perform certain exercises that will help in elevating your symptoms. Physical therapy is key to treating any kind of injury. ACL tear cannot mend on its own. But you can manage it if the injury is not very severe. However, you will require surgery to repair your ACL if you are an athlete or wish to resume physical activity. ACL operation is the most common option for treating an ACL tear. An ACL reconstruction may also be suggested based on the severity of the injury. ACL repair surgery to repair the damaged knee is typically performed as an outpatient procedure. You can return home the same day after the ACL surgery. Your surgeon will do a minimally invasive procedure called a knee arthroscopy to fix the tear inside your knee.

Prevention of ACL injury

Athletes cannot avoid the situation of an ACL injury. ACL tears are typically caused by unexpected accidents and injuries related to sports. 1. When participating in sports or physical activities: 2. Make sure you are wearing the appropriate clothing. 3. Do not play through your pain if you have injured your knees during or after physical activity. 4. Give your body time to relax and heal following an intense exercise regimen. 5. Stretch, unwind, and warm up before working out or playing sports. 6. Stretch and relax following a workout. Join programmes during the off-season to strengthen your lower body and knees. This will lessen the strain on your knees while you play sports. The following safety recommendations must be followed in order to lower your chance of suffering an ACL injury. 1. Do not plant your foot and turn over your knee. This is the most common cause of meniscus and ACL injuries in athletes. 2. Make use of a cane or a walker if you have trouble walking or are at risk of falling. 3. Make sure nothing in your home or workplace could trip you. 4. Always use the right tools or equipment when reaching for items around the house. 5. Avoid standing on tables, chairs, or countertops.

Post-surgery Procedure

Follow the rehabilitation guidelines created by your orthopaedic surgeon and physical therapist after undergoing ACL surgery. Start by using ice and prescribed medication to reduce swelling and manage pain. As directed by your healthcare team, start with mild range-of-motion exercises and work up to strengthening exercises. Reintroduce weight-bearing activities and sports-specific training gradually. Attend physical therapy sessions regularly to track your progress and make necessary adjustments to the rehabilitation plan. Observe all post-operative guidelines about the use of braces, limitations on weight bearing, and degree of activity. Maintaining regular contact with your medical team is crucial to a full recovery following ACL reconstruction.