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ACL/PCL-Injuries Surgery in
Kannur

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Amitabh Bachchan

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What is ACL/PCL injury?

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries happen when the knee ligament that aids in stabilising and controlling movement is harmed, frequently due to abrupt stops, twists, or collisions. Sports involving sudden direction changes or pivoting are prone to this type of injury. The ligament at the back of the knee, known as the posterior cruciate ligament, is injured when something falls on a bent knee or strikes the front of the knee directly. Injuries to the ACL or PCL can cause knee pain, swelling, and instability. Physical therapy, braces, or, in extreme situations, surgical reconstruction of the injured ligament to restore knee stability and function are possible treatment options, and Kannur is an excellent option for individuals in need.

ACL Injury: Causes

Sports and fitness activities can result in ACL injuries. These include tasks that call for abrupt stops or direction changes. ACL injuries are frequent among athletes who play basketball, football, soccer, etc. The main ACL injury causes include: 1. Abrupt shifts in orientation 2. Abrupt halting 3. Abrupt stops and slowing down 4. Rotating while keeping a steady foot 5. Uncomfortable landing following a jump 6. Direct hits to the knee or collisions with objects

Who is at Risk?

    ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries are relatively common, and several factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing this type of knee injury. Women have a higher risk, being 2-8 times more susceptible to ACL injuries than men. This difference in risk might be due to various factors such as differences in muscle strength, the way muscles activate during movements, and hormonal influences. Participation in certain sports can also heighten the risk of ACL injuries. Sports involving quick changes in direction, sudden stops, and jumping movements like soccer, basketball, and volleyball put individuals at an increased risk due to the demanding movements involved in these activities.

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Symptoms of ACL injury

    Following are the signs and symptoms of ACL injury: 1. Sudden sensation or sound of popping in the knee 2. Severe pain 3. Sudden swelling 4. Limited movement 5. Feeling of giving way or instability when bearing weight Most patients with ACL injuries can experience excruciating pain. However, some patients only experience mild discomfort. See your doctor if you think you might have hurt your knee. Do not disregard your condition, particularly if you experience or hear a popping sound.

Types of ACL injuries

    It is common for your doctor to grade ACL injuries. The severity of the injury determines its grading. Grades for ACL injuries range from I to III. A Grade I injury is one that is extremely less severe. A more serious injury is called a Grade III injury. Let us understand what the three grades mean. 1. Grade I: The injury stretched your ACL to the point of destruction, but it is still in place and supports your knee bones. 2. Grade II: The excessive stretching that resulted from the injury partially tore and loosened your ACL. 3. Grade III: The ACL is broken into two pieces. Speak with your doctor if you have any questions about the type of ACL injury you may have in order to understand your situation better.

When to See the Doctor?

    Talk to your doctor if you think you may have an ACL injury. Keep an eye out for the ACL injury symptoms mentioned above. Get your doctor's attention on it right away if you have any of the above-mentioned symptoms. Early diagnosis means early management and treatment of your illness. Do not hesitate to schedule an appointment with your doctor if you think you have an ACL injury.

Diagnosis and Tests for ACL injury

    ACL injury is first diagnosed using a thorough physical examination. A few tests may also be recommended by your physician. Your doctor may start by asking you questions regarding your symptoms. What you were doing prior to the onset of any injury-related symptoms must be disclosed to your doctor. Your doctor may also want to know about the early symptoms you had following the injury. Your doctor may try adjusting the position of your leg and knee to assess your condition. You should let your doctor know if there are particular positions that hurt more than others. Your doctor may also recommend a few tests. These may include an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI.

Treatment for ACL Injury

    Different treatment options are available depending on the severity of your ACL tear. Additional damage inside your knee is also taken into account while making ACL tear treatment choices. You must not engage yourself in any activity that could further strain your knee. This includes sports or fitness activities. As soon as you experience pain or other symptoms, apply the RICE method: 1. Rest: Take a break and refrain from the activity that hurt you. Avoid overusing your knee while it is healing. 2. Ice: Use a thin towel-wrapped ice pack or cold compress on your knee for 15 minutes at a time, several times a day. 3. Compression: To help with swelling reduction, you can wrap an elastic bandage around your knee. 4. Elevation: Raise your leg and knee as high as possible above your heart. You may be recommended a course of action depending on your condition. This will help to reduce the pain and manage the symptoms. Your doctor may even ask you to use crutches. The knee is stabilised and secured with the help of these braces. Your doctor may also suggest over-the-counter pain relievers. These might include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or paracetamol. Your doctor might advise you to perform particular exercises to help manage your symptoms. Physical therapy is a fundamental component of any injury treatment programme. ACL tears do not recover on their own. You can, however, manage your condition if your injury is not too serious. Some people may require surgery to repair the ACL if the individual is an athlete or wishes to resume exercising. An ACL operation is the most common method of treating an ACL tear. The procedure for ACL repair is performed in outpatient care. The ACL surgery facilitates the healing process of the knees. You are allowed to return home the day following the procedure. Your surgeon will perform a minimally invasive procedure called a knee arthroscopy to repair your torn knee ligament.

Prevention of ACL injury

    Strengthening leg muscles through targeted exercises, focusing on the quadriceps, hamstrings, and core, can help prevent ACL injuries. Include agility and balance training in your exercise regimen. When participating in sports, use proper technique, particularly when jumping, cutting, or pivoting. Pay attention to the playing surfaces and wear appropriate shoes for the activity. To address biomechanical differences, implement neuromuscular training programs, especially for female athletes. Give warm-up exercises top priority before playing sports, with a focus on dynamic stretching. Additionally, think about speaking with a sports medicine specialist for individualised injury prevention strategies catered to your unique needs and activities. Even though many procedures are available in the public and private hospitals, it's better to prevent the wear and tear of ACL by incorporating healthy habits.

Post-surgery Procedure

    Take all the necessary care after your ACL tear surgery. The ACL injury recovery time after the injury is around 6 to 9 months. Some athletes may take longer to get back to normal and resume their sport. Follow your doctor's instructions. Perform exercises as suggested by your doctor. These exercises will bring your mobility back to normal. It will also prevent the formation of blood clots. In most cases, patients are expected to lift their legs without any assistance. Physical therapy usually starts seven to 14 days after the surgery. During the ACL surgery recovery time, take your pain medicines as recommended by your doctor. Monitor your body temperature. Inform your doctor if you have a persistent fever that does not subside. Do not hesitate to inform your doctor if you face any problems after the surgery.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Ans: Although recovery times vary, they usually take six to nine months.

Ans: ACL surgery is the best chance of recovery for complete tears; however, partial tears may respond to non-surgical treatments.

Ans: Indeed, following ACL surgery, physical therapy is essential for regaining function, strength, and flexibility.

Ans: Although entirely avoidable, the risk of ACL injuries can be decreased with strengthening exercises, appropriate technique, and neuromuscular training.