ACL/PCL-Injuries Surgery in
Kanhangad

Condition

What is ACL/PCL injury?

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the tissue that joins the thighbone to the shinbone. The knee joint is stabilised by the ACL. An ACL injury occurs due to a sprain or damage in the ACL. People who have an ACL injury describe it as a sense of popping. The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) connects the lower and upper limbs. The PCL stabilises the bones and allows the knees to move smoothly. A sprain or tear to the PCL results in an injury.

ACL Injury: Causes

Sports and fitness activities can result in ACL injuries. These include tasks that call for abrupt stops or direction changes. ACL injuries are frequent among athletes who play basketball, football, soccer, etc. The main ACL injury causes include: 1. Abrupt shifts in orientation 2. Abrupt halting 3. Abrupt stops and slowing down 4. Rotating while keeping a steady foot 5. Uncomfortable landing following a jump 6. Direct hits to the knee or collisions with objects

Who is at Risk?

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries are relatively common, and several factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing this type of knee injury. Women have a higher risk, being 2-8 times more susceptible to ACL injuries than men. This difference in risk might be due to various factors such as differences in muscle strength, the way muscles activate during movements, and hormonal influences. Participation in certain sports can also heighten the risk of ACL injuries. Sports involving quick changes in direction, sudden stops, and jumping movements like soccer, basketball, and volleyball put individuals at an increased risk due to the demanding movements involved in these activities.

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Symptoms of ACL injury

1. Direct Pain: An abrupt, intense pain in the knee at the time of the injury is frequently indicative of an ACL injury. 2. Emulation: Blood clots within the joint cause swelling quickly, resulting in a painful and noticeable bulge around the knee. 3. Indecision: People may feel instability or that their knee is giving way significantly when they are pivoting or making abrupt changes in direction. 4. Trouble Putting on Weight: It's common to have trouble bearing weight on the injured leg, which adds discomfort and instability. This is particularly apparent when engaging in knee-stressing activities. 5. Popping Noise: Some people claim to have heard a popping sound at the injury scene, which could be a sign of tearing. 6. Reduced Flexibility: ACL injuries frequently cause joint stiffness and tightness in the affected area, as well as limitations in the knee's ability to fully bend or straighten. 7. Looseness or Laxity: Enhanced laxity or a loose sensation in the injured knee can exacerbate the feeling of instability. 8. Ecchymosis (bruising): Bleeding in the surrounding tissues or within the joint can cause bruises around the knee. The days that follow the injury show more of this discolouration. 9. Delayed Manifestations: While some symptoms appear immediately, others, like severe swelling and bruises, might take longer to show up in the days after the injury. 10. Intensity Variation: The degree of the ACL injury can affect how severe the symptoms are. While more severe injuries can cause significant pain, extensive swelling, and noticeable instability, milder cases may only show minimal swelling and discomfort.

Types of ACL injuries

Depending on their severity and degree of ligament damage, ACL injuries usually fall into one of several categories: 1. Sprains: Mild ACL injuries cause the ligament to stretch or partially tear without completely rupturing. They frequently cause localised oedema and pain. 2. Some Tears: The ACL is harmed but not torn in partial tears. The degree to which this kind of impacts stability and function varies.

When to See the Doctor?

You must see your doctor if you experience any of the above-mentioned ACL injury symptoms. Your condition may need your doctor’s attention, especially if you experience pain. Early diagnosis is critical to initiate early treatment. Do not delay an appointment with your doctor if you suspect an injury.

Diagnosis and Tests for ACL injury

The physical examination is necessary for the diagnosis of ACL injury. Your doctor might also suggest a few tests. Your doctor might first ask you questions about your symptoms. Your doctor needs to know what you were doing before any injury-related symptoms appeared. Your physician might also inquire about the initial symptoms that you experienced after the injury. Your doctor might try putting your leg and knee in different positions to evaluate your condition. You need to let your doctor know if any specific positions hurt the most. Your doctor might suggest a few tests. These could be an MRI, CT scan, or X-ray.

Treatment for ACL Injury

An interdisciplinary approach is usually used to treat ACL injuries. To lessen swelling, orthopaedic specialists might suggest a mix of pain relief, anti-inflammatory drugs, and physical therapy. ACL reconstruction surgery is one type of surgical intervention that may be necessary in some instances of particularly severe injuries. Exercises for rehabilitation that target strengthening and stabilising the knee are frequently an essential component of the healing process. Speak with medical professionals in [city] to find the best course of action for your situation and the severity of your ACL injury. From routine to specialised treatments, the ACL surgery cost varies between government and private hospitals, correlating with the extent of services and facilities they furnish.

Prevention of ACL injury

Athletes cannot avoid the situation of an ACL injury. ACL tears are typically caused by unexpected accidents and injuries related to sports. 1. When participating in sports or physical activities: 2. Make sure you are wearing the appropriate clothing. 3. Do not play through your pain if you have injured your knees during or after physical activity. 4. Give your body time to relax and heal following an intense exercise regimen. 5. Stretch, unwind, and warm up before working out or playing sports. 6. Stretch and relax following a workout. Join programmes during the off-season to strengthen your lower body and knees. This will lessen the strain on your knees while you play sports. The following safety recommendations must be followed in order to lower your chance of suffering an ACL injury. 1. Do not plant your foot and turn over your knee. This is the most common cause of meniscus and ACL injuries in athletes. 2. Make use of a cane or a walker if you have trouble walking or are at risk of falling. 3. Make sure nothing in your home or workplace could trip you. 4. Always use the right tools or equipment when reaching for items around the house. 5. Avoid standing on tables, chairs, or countertops.

Post-surgery Procedure

1. Immediate Postoperative Care: Following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery, patients usually receive instructions on wound care and pain management. 2. Start of Physical Therapy: To regain range of motion, strengthen muscles, and restore function, physical therapy begins soon after the ACL operation. The emphasis may be on mild exercises at first, then progress gradually. 3. Bracing and Support: A knee brace may be used initially to provide support based on the surgeon's recommendation. Its duration of use varies. 4. Weight-Bearing Progression: Under the supervision of a physical therapist, a gradual introduction of weight-bearing activities takes place, progressing from non-weight-bearing to partial and full weight-bearing. 5. Activity Graduation: Returning to regular activities and sports is a gradual process. The physical therapist and surgeon frequently supervise the patient's recovery goals and progress. 6. Follow-up Appointments: To track development, address concerns, and modify the rehabilitation plan as necessary, follow-up appointments with the surgeon and physical therapist are crucial.