ACL/PCL-Injuries Surgery in
Hubli-Dharwad

Condition

What is ACL/PCL injury?

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries happen when the knee ligament that aids in stabilising and controlling movement is harmed, frequently due to abrupt stops, twists, or collisions. Sports involving sudden direction changes or pivoting are prone to this type of injury. The ligament at the back of the knee, known as the posterior cruciate ligament, is injured when something falls on a bent knee or strikes the front of the knee directly. Injuries to the ACL or PCL can cause knee pain, swelling, and instability. Physical therapy, braces, or, in extreme situations, surgical reconstruction of the injured ligament to restore knee stability and function are possible treatment options, and Hubli-Dharwad is an excellent option for individuals in need.

ACL Injury: Causes

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are frequently brought on by impacts or abrupt, strong movements that strain the knee joint. Awkward landings from jumps, sudden stops or direction changes, and direct hits to the knee, especially in sports like basketball, skiing, and soccer, are common causes. Improper landing mechanics, improper pivoting, or insufficient muscle strength in the knee area can cause ACL injuries. Hormonal and biomechanical factors may also make female athletes more vulnerable. An increased susceptibility can result from pre-existing conditions like ligament laxity. The range of medical conditions amenable to ACL injury may vary, influenced by the surgical team's expertise and the healthcare infrastructure available

Who is at Risk?

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries are relatively common, and several factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing this type of knee injury. Women have a higher risk, being 2-8 times more susceptible to ACL injuries than men. This difference in risk might be due to various factors such as differences in muscle strength, the way muscles activate during movements, and hormonal influences. Participation in certain sports can also heighten the risk of ACL injuries. Sports involving quick changes in direction, sudden stops, and jumping movements like soccer, basketball, and volleyball put individuals at an increased risk due to the demanding movements involved in these activities.

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Symptoms of ACL injury

1. Direct Pain: An abrupt, intense pain in the knee at the time of the injury is frequently indicative of an ACL injury. 2. Emulation: Blood clots within the joint cause swelling quickly, resulting in a painful and noticeable bulge around the knee. 3. Indecision: People may feel instability or that their knee is giving way significantly when they are pivoting or making abrupt changes in direction. 4. Trouble Putting on Weight: It's common to have trouble bearing weight on the injured leg, which adds discomfort and instability. This is particularly apparent when engaging in knee-stressing activities. 5. Popping Noise: Some people claim to have heard a popping sound at the injury scene, which could be a sign of tearing. 6. Reduced Flexibility: ACL injuries frequently cause joint stiffness and tightness in the affected area, as well as limitations in the knee's ability to fully bend or straighten. 7. Looseness or Laxity: Enhanced laxity or a loose sensation in the injured knee can exacerbate the feeling of instability. 8. Ecchymosis (bruising): Bleeding in the surrounding tissues or within the joint can cause bruises around the knee. The days that follow the injury show more of this discolouration. 9. Delayed Manifestations: While some symptoms appear immediately, others, like severe swelling and bruises, might take longer to show up in the days after the injury. 10. Intensity Variation: The degree of the ACL injury can affect how severe the symptoms are. While more severe injuries can cause significant pain, extensive swelling, and noticeable instability, milder cases may only show minimal swelling and discomfort.

Types of ACL injuries

It is common for your doctor to grade your ACL injuries. The grading is based on the severity of the injury. ACL injuries are graded from I to III. Grade I injuries are those that are extremely minor. A Grade III injury is considered to be more serious. Let us understand what the three grades mean. 1. Grade I: Your ACL is still intact and supporting your knee bones even though the injury stretched it to a point of destruction. 2. Grade II: The injury caused your ACL to become partially torn and loosened due to excessive stretching. 3. Grade III: The ACL is broken into two pieces. Co nsult your doctor if you are unsure about the specific type of ACL injury you have. This will help you and your doctor to manage your condition better.

When to See the Doctor?

See your doctor if you suspect an ACL injury. Be vigilant about the above-mentioned ACL injury symptoms. Immediately draw your doctor’s attention if needed. Early diagnosis will result in early treatment and management of your condition. Do not delay an appointment with your doctor if you suspect an injury.

Diagnosis and Tests for ACL injury

The diagnosis of ACL depends on physical examination. Your doctor may also recommend a few tests. Firstly, your doctor may ask you questions related to your symptoms. You must tell your doctor about the activities you did before experiencing the symptoms of any injury. You may also be asked about the initial symptoms. Your doctor may try moving your leg and knee in certain positions to assess your condition. You must highlight to your doctor if any particular position hurts you the most. Your doctor may recommend a few tests. These may include an X-ray, CT scan or an MRI.

Treatment for ACL Injury

Different treatment options are available depending on the severity of your ACL tear. Additional damage inside your knee is also taken into account while making ACL tear treatments choices. You must not engage yourself in any activity that could further strain your knee. This includes sports or fitness activities. As soon as you experience pain or other symptoms, apply the RICE method: Rest: Take a break and refrain from the activity that hurt you. Avoid overusing your knee while it is healing. Ice: Use a thin towel-wrapped ice pack or cold compress on your knee for 15 minutes at a time, several times a day. Compression: To help with swelling reduction, you can wrap an elastic bandage around your knee. Elevation: Raise your leg and knee as high as possible above your heart. Your doctor may suggest a course of treatment based on your condition. This will lessen discomfort and assist in managing the symptoms. It may be suggested that you use crutches. The knee is stabilised and secured with the aid of these braces. Your doctor might also recommend over-the-counter painkillers. These could consist of paracetamol or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. Your doctor may suggest specific exercises to help you feel better. The foundation of any injury treatment programme is physical therapy. An ACL tear does not self-heal. You can manage your condition if your injury is not too serious. Some people may need surgery to repair the ACL, especially if the individual is an athlete or wishes to resume exercising. ACL surgery is the most commonly used method of treating an ACL tear. The ACL operation is performed in an outpatient facility. Your surgeon will perform a minimally invasive procedure called a knee arthroscopy to repair your torn knee ligament. This type of surgery enables the healing process of the knees. You are allowed to return home the day following the procedure.

Prevention of ACL injury

Athletes cannot avoid the situation of an ACL injury. ACL tears are typically caused by unexpected accidents and injuries related to sports. While you indulge in physical activities or sports: 1. Ensure that you are wearing the right gear 2. Do not play over your pain if you have hurt your knees during or after physical activity 3. Allow your body some time to rest and recover after a strenuous activity 4. Relax, stretch, and warm up prior to engaging in exercise or sports 5. Stretch and cool down after working out 6. Take the help of programs to strengthen your knees and lower body during the off-season. This will help your knees withstand the strain during your sports season. You must follow the following safety tips to lower your chances of having an ACL injury: 1. Refrain from putting your foot down and turning over your knee. This is the most common cause of meniscus and ACL injuries among athletes in this way. 2. Ensure that nothing could trip you or others in your home or workspace. 3. Always use the appropriate tools or equipment when reaching for objects at home. 4. Never stand on countertops or tables or chairs. 5. Take the support of a walker or a cane if you have trouble walking or are more likely to fall.

Post-surgery Procedure

Ensure that you get all the necessary care after your ACL tear surgery. The ACL injury recovery time after the surgery is around 6 to 9 months. Regaining their normalcy and returning to their sport may take longer for some athletes. Follow your doctor's instructions about physical activity. These exercises will help you restore your natural range of motion. It will also prevent the formation of blood clots. It is usually expected of patients to raise their legs without assistance in the first week after the surgery. Physical therapy usually starts seven to fourteen days after the surgery. Follow your doctor's suggestions when taking pain medication. Take note of your body temperature. Inform your doctor if you have a persistent fever that does not go down. Do not be afraid to let your doctor know if you experience any issues following the procedure.