ACL/PCL-Injuries Surgery in
Ernakulam

Condition

What is ACL/PCL injury?

The tissue that joins your thigh bone to your shinbone is called the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The ACL keeps the knee joint stable. A tear or sprain of the ACL results in an ACL injury. ACL damage causes people to feel as though something is popping. The upper and lower legs are joined by the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). PCL facilitates seamless knee movement by holding the bones in position. The PCL gets injured when there is a tearing or sprain.

ACL Injury: Causes

Abrupt twisting, direct strikes, or excessive knee extension frequently bring on Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries: 1. Athletic Events: ACL injuries are common in sports involving jumping, sudden stops, and direction changes. Common offenders include football, basketball, soccer, and skiing. 2. Technical Elements: Ankle strains can result from improper cutting or pivoting movements, sudden stops, and poor landing mechanics during jumps. 3. Biomechanical Problems: The ACL may be severely strained when there is excessive valgus stress (inward collapse) on the knee, which frequently occurs when pivoting or cutting. Weak supporting muscles exacerbate this weakness. 4. Differences in Gender: Because of differences in anatomy and neuromuscular function, such as wider hips and altered landing mechanics, women are more prone to ACL injuries than men. 5. C...

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Who is at Risk?

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries are relatively common, and several factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing this type of knee injury. Women have a higher risk, being 2-8 times more susceptible to ACL injuries than men. This difference in risk might be due to various factors such as differences in muscle strength, the way muscles activate during movements, and hormonal influences. Participation in certain sports can also heighten the risk of ACL injuries. Sports involving quick changes in direction, sudden stops, and jumping movements like soccer, basketball, and volleyball put individuals at an increased risk due to the demanding movements involved in these activities.

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Symptoms of ACL injury

The following are typical symptoms and signs of an ACL tear: 1. A sudden "popping" sound in the knee ·2. ntense pain and lack of mobility 3. Sudden inflammation 4. Limited range of motion 5. Feeling of instability or giving way when bearing weight ACL injuries can result in severe pain. However, some patients only feel slight discomfort. Consult your physician if you believe you may have injured your knee. Do not ignore your condition, particularly if you feel or hear a popping sound.

Types of ACL injuries

Your physician may frequently assign a grade for your ACL injuries. The degree of the injury determines the grading. Grades for ACL injuries range from I to III. A very minor injury is classified as Grade I. A more serious injury is called a Grade III injury. Let us understand what the three grades mean. 1. Grade I: Your ACL is still intact and supporting your knee bones even though the injury stretched it to a point of destruction. 2. Grade II: The injury caused your ACL to become partially torn and loosened due to excessive stretching. 3. Grade III: The ACL is broken into two pieces. Talk to your physician if you have any doubts regarding the type of ACL injury you are suffering from. This will help you better manage your condition.

When to See the Doctor?

Consult your doctor if you encounter any of the above-mentioned ACL injury symptoms. You may need medical attention if you suffer from severe pain. Do not delay your visit to your doctor. Early diagnosis is key to early initiation of treatment. Do not delay an appointment with your doctor if you suspect an injury.

Diagnosis and Tests for ACL injury

A thorough physical examination is necessary for the diagnosis of ACL injury. Your doctor might also suggest a few tests. You may be first asked questions by your healthcare provider about your symptoms. Your doctor requires you to know what you were doing before any injury-related symptoms appeared. Your physician might also inquire about the initial symptoms that you experienced after the injury. Your doctor might try putting your leg and knee in different positions to evaluate your condition. You need to let your doctor know if there are specific positions that hurt the most. A few investigations might be indicated by your doctor. These could be an MRI, CT scan, or X-ray.

Treatment for ACL Injury

Based on the severity of your ACL tear and any additional damage inside your knee, different ACL tear treatments may be necessary. You must avoid engaging yourself in any activity that could further strain your knee. This includes sports or fitness activities. As soon as you experience pain or other symptoms, apply the RICE method: Rest: Take a break and refrain from the activity that hurt you. Avoid overusing your knee while it is healing. Ice: Use a thin towel-wrapped ice pack or cold compress on your knee for 15 minutes at a time, several times a day. Compression: To help with swelling reduction, you can wrap an elastic bandage around your knee. Elevation: Raise your leg and knee as high as possible above your heart. Your doctor might suggest a course of treatment based on your condition. This wil l assist in managing the symptoms and lessening the pain. You may be asked to use crutches. These braces aid in stabilising and securing the knee. OTC painkillers might also be recommended by your doctor. These could consist of paracetamol or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. Your doctor may ask you to engage in specific exercises that will help reduce your symptoms. The foundation of any injury treatment programme is physical therapy. An ACL tear cannot heal by itself. But you can manage it if you have the injury is not very severe. If you are an athlete or want to start exercising again, you will need surgery to repair your ACL. The most popular way of treating an ACL tear is through an ACL operation. The ACL surgery is done in the outpatient setting. It helps to repair the damaged knee. You can go back home on the same day after the surgery. Your knee tear will be repaired by your surgeon using a minimally invasive technique known as knee arthroscopy.

Prevention of ACL injury

Strengthening leg muscles through targeted exercises, focusing on the quadriceps, hamstrings, and core, can help prevent ACL injuries. Include agility and balance training in your exercise regimen. When participating in sports, use proper technique, particularly when jumping, cutting, or pivoting. Pay attention to the playing surfaces and wear appropriate shoes for the activity. To address biomechanical differences, implement neuromuscular training programs, especially for female athletes. Give warm-up exercises top priority before playing sports, with a focus on dynamic stretching. Additionally, think about speaking with a sports medicine specialist for individualised injury prevention strategies catered to your unique needs and activities. Even though many procedures are available in the public and private hospitals, it's better to prevent the wear and tear of ACL by incorporating healthy habits.

Post-surgery Procedure

Ensure that you get all the necessary care after your ACL tear surgery. The ACL injury recovery time after the surgery is around 6 to 9 months. Regaining their normalcy and returning to their sport may take longer for some athletes. Follow your doctor's instructions about physical activity. These exercises will help you restore your natural range of motion. It will also prevent the formation of blood clots. It is usually expected of patients to raise their legs without assistance in the first week after the surgery. Physical therapy usually starts seven to fourteen days after the surgery. Follow your doctor's suggestions when taking pain medication. Take note of your body temperature. Inform your doctor if you have a persistent fever that does not go down. Do not be afraid to let your doctor know if you experience any issues following the procedure.